{"id":876,"date":"2014-10-18T07:58:22","date_gmt":"2014-10-18T07:58:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/k-link.co.id\/?p=876"},"modified":"2018-03-19T12:01:45","modified_gmt":"2018-03-19T04:01:45","slug":"hukum-hutang-menurut-islam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/k-link.co.id\/id\/hukum-hutang-menurut-islam\/","title":{"rendered":"Hukum Hutang Menurut Islam"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bagi Anda yang memiliki pertanyaan seputar Syariah, silakan mengirimkan pertanyaan Anda melalui sms ke no. 0856 9327 2255, pertanyaan Anda akan dijawab oleh HM. Sofwan Jauhari Lc, M. Ag.<\/strong>, seorang dosen dan Pembantu Ketua (Puket) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ushuluddin Al-Hikmah. Meraih gelar S1 Syariah dari Universitas Imam Muhammad, Riyadh, kemudian mendapatkan gelar Master dalam bidang Ekonomi Islam dari Universitas Muhammadiyah, Jakarta. Saat ini sedang menempuh PhD di UIN Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta dan tercatat sebagai anggota Dewan Syariah Nasional (DSN MUI).<\/p>\n

Pertanyaan:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bagaimana hukumnya hutang yang belum dibayar sampai orang yang berhutang meninggal dunia? Apakah Allah SWT akan mengampuni dosa orang yang berhutang apabila dia bertaubat?<\/p>\n

Jawaban:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Pada prinsipnya Allah SWT Maha Menerima Taubat. Tetapi tidak semua taubat seorang hamba akan diterima, dan tidak semua dosa bisa diampuni. Dalam Al-Qur\u00e2\u20ac\u2122an Surat An-Nisa\u00e2\u20ac\u2122 (4) :31 misalnya, Allah SWT menjelaskan bahwa dosa-dosa seorang hamba akan dihapuskan apabila dia menjauhi hal-hal yang tergolong dosa besar.<\/p>\n

Secara detail Imam Nawawi dalam kitab Riyadus Salihin, menjelaskan bahwa taubat seorang manusia akan diterima apabila memenuhi 3 syarat, yaitu :<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Berhenti melakukan maksiat.<\/li>\n
  2. Menyesali kemaksiatan yang telah dilakukan.<\/li>\n
  3. Bertekad untuk tidak mengulangi.<\/li>\n
  4. Apabila dosanya terkait dengan sesama manusia maka harus menyelesaikan urusan dengan orang yang didzalimi. Jika terkait dengan harta ia wajib mengembalikan. Misalnya, jika dosanya adalah dosa mencuri maka ia wajib mengembalikan barang yang dicuri, atau mendapatkan maaf\/ridlo dari pemilik barang itu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Menurut riwayat, Rasulullah SAW tidak berkenan menyolatkan jenazah seorang sahabat yang belum melunasi hutangnya, karena disholatkan atau tidak, dosanya tidak akan diampuni oleh Allah SWT. Oleh sebab itu, hutang wajib dibayar walaupun seseorang sudah wafat, ulama\u00e2\u20ac\u2122 juga sepakat bahwa harta waris tidak boleh dibagi sebelum hutang almarhum dilunasi dengan harta waris itu. Jika harta yang ditinggalkan tidak mencukupi untuk melunasi hutangnya, maka ahli warisnya wajib membayar hutang tersebut.<\/p>\n

    Dalam hadits diriwayatkan :<\/p>\n

    \u00e2\u20ac\u0153Telah dihadapkan kepada Rasulullah SAW jenazah seorang laki-laki untuk dishalatkan. Rasulullah bertanya, \u00e2\u20ac\u02dcApakah ia mempunyai utang?\u00e2\u20ac\u2122 Para sahabat menjawab, \u00e2\u20ac\u02dcTidak<\/strong><\/em>\u00e2\u20ac\u2122. Maka, beliau menshalatkannya. Kemudian dihadapkan lagi jenazah lain, Rasulullah pun bertanya, \u00e2\u20ac\u02dcApakah ia mempunyai utang?\u00e2\u20ac\u2122 Mereka menjawab, \u00e2\u20ac\u02dcYa\u00e2\u20ac\u2122. Rasulullah berkata, \u00e2\u20ac\u02dcShalatkanlah temanmu itu\u00e2\u20ac\u2122. Lalu Abu Qatadah berkata, \u00e2\u20ac\u02dcSaya menjamin utangnya, ya Rasulullah\u00e2\u20ac\u2122. Maka Rasulullah pun menshalatkan jenazah tersebut.\u00e2\u20ac\u009d (H.R. Ahmad, Baihaqi & Bukhari)<\/p>\n

    (Al-Musnad hadits 16.527; As-Sunanul kubro hadits 11.396 & 11.404; Sohih Bukhari hadits 2.289 & 2.295).<\/em><\/p>\n

    Wallaahu a\u00e2\u20ac\u2122lam bish shawab.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Bagi Anda yang memiliki pertanyaan seputar Syariah, silakan mengirimkan pertanyaan Anda melalui sms ke no. 0856 9327 2255, pertanyaan Anda akan dijawab […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":871,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-876","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-syariah-articles"],"yoast_head":"\nHukum Hutang Menurut Islam<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/k-link.co.id\/id\/hukum-hutang-menurut-islam\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"en-us\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"en-us\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta 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