{"id":4147,"date":"2016-11-15T14:03:05","date_gmt":"2016-11-15T06:03:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/k-link.co.id\/?p=4147"},"modified":"2023-03-10T17:02:22","modified_gmt":"2023-03-10T10:02:22","slug":"itp-bahayakah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/k-link.co.id\/id\/itp-bahayakah\/","title":{"rendered":"ITP Bahayakah?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sering kali, kita menemukan di seseorang yang mengalami keadaan mudah memar atau lebam, luka yang terus mengeluarkan darah dan terdapat bintik merah namun bukan karena gigitan nyamuk. Apakah itu normal atau masalah serius? Karena gejala-gejala demikian itu merupakan gejala penyakit ITP (Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura). Lalu apakah ITP berbahaya?<\/i><\/p>\n

Apa ITP itu ?<\/b>
\nITP adalah singkatan dari\u00c2\u00a0Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura<\/i>. ‘Idiopathic<\/i>‘ berarti ‘tidak diketahui penyebabnya’. ‘Thrombocytopenic<\/i>‘ berarti ‘darah yang tidak cukup memiliki sel darah merah (trombosit). ‘Purpura<\/i>‘ berarti seseorang memiliki luka memar yang banyak (berlebihan).<\/p>\n

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Jadi dapat kita simpulkan bahwa ITP adalah salah satu penyakit yang masih belum diketahui pasti penyebabnya yang memiliki luka memar berlebihan dan tidak cukup memiliki sel darah merah (trombosit).<\/p>\n

Seseorang dengan sel darah merah (trombosit) yang terlalu sedikit dalam tubuhnya akan sangat mudah mengalami luka memar dan bahkan mengalami perdarahan dalam periode cukup lama setelah mengalami trauma luka.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Kadang bintik-bintik kecil merah (disebut Petechiae) muncul pula pada permukaan kulitnya.<\/p>\n

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Jika jumlah sel darah merah ini sangat rendah, penderita ITP bisa juga mengalami mimisan yang sukar berhenti, atau mengalami perdarahan dalam organ ususnya, inilah yang di alami oleh penderita ITP. Penyakit ini juga sering kali dijumpai pada anak-anak atau orang dewasa dengan usia kurang dari 20 hingga 50 tahun ini.
\n
\nApa Penyebab ITP ?<\/b>
\nPenyebab pasti dari penyakit ITP belum diketahui.<\/p>\n

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Itulah mengapa hal itu disebut sebagai idiopatik, yang berarti “tidak diketahui penyebabnya”. Bagaimanapun hal ini dapat diketahui, bahwa pada orang dengan ITP, sistem kekebalan tubuh yang tidak normal dan mulai menyerang trombosit seolah-olah ia adalah zat-zat asing sehingga menurunkan nilai trombosit.<\/p>\n

Normalnya trombosit berada di kisaran 150.000 \u00e2\u20ac\u201c 450.000\/mm3. Tapi pada penderita ITP jumlah trombositnya hanya 20.000 \u00e2\u20ac\u201c 25.000\/mm3.<\/p>\n

Cara Diagnosa ITP<\/b>
\nITP umumnya dapat dilihat dengan mengambil sempel darah dan di tes lengkap melihat jumlah sel darah merah, sel darah putih, trombosit juga hemoglobin. Selain itu bisa juga dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan sum-sum tulang atau BMP (Bone Marroe Puncture) dengan cara mengambil cairan darah yang berada di daerah sum-sum tulang untuk diteliti.<\/p>\n

Jenis-Jenis ITP\u00c2\u00a0<\/b>
\nSecara klinis ITP terbagi menjadi 2, yaitu:<\/p>\n

ITP Akut<\/b>
\nITP akut (kurang dari 6 bulan) ini lebih sering terjadi pada anak (usia 2-6 tahun), seringkali terjadi setelah infeksi virus akut (Rubeola, Rubella, Varicella zoozter, Epstein Barr virus) dan penyakit saluran nafas yang disebabkan oleh virus.
\n
\nITP Kronik<\/b>
\nITP kronik ini terutama dijumpai pada wanita berumur 15-50 tahun. Episode perdarahan dapat berlangsung beberapa hari sampai beberapa minggu, bahkan terus menerus. Bila penderita ITP diperiksa secara fisik, maka biasanya keadaan umumnya baik, tidak didapatkan demam dan tidak ada pembesaran limpa maupun hati.<\/p>\n

Gejala klinis bervariasi tergantung jumlah trombosit serta kadar antibodi platelet. Anemia dialami bila terjadi perdarahan hebat. Gejala ITP sendiri biasanya pelahan-lahan dengan riwayat mudah berdarah baik dengan trauma maupun tanpa trauma. Pada umumnya bentuk perdarahannya ialah purpura (ruam merah keunguan) pada kulit dan mukosa (hidung, gusi, saluran makanan dan traktus urogenital).<\/p>\n

Perdarahan spontan terjadi bila jumlah trombosit kurang dari 50.000 mm3. Jika jumlah trombosit sudah berada di bawah 10.000 mm3, maka bisa terjadi pendarahan dalam meski tidak terdapat luka.<\/p>\n

Cara Mengatasi ITP<\/b>
\nPengobatan atau penyembuhan ITP sebenarnya bergantung pada umur, tingkat keparahan, gejala juga tingkat trombosit si pasien. Pada anak-anak, umumnya ITP akan pulih dengan sendirinya, untuk ITP akut akan pulih dalam waktu kurang lebih 6 bulan, sedangkan pada ITP kronik akan pulih setidaknya 1 atau beberapa tahun setelahnya. Sedangkan pada orang dewasa perlu terus diawasi juga rutin melakukan pemeriksaan jumlah trombosit. Jika gejala terus berlanjut pengobatan dapat dilakukan dengan obat-obatan atau operasi dengan saran-saran dari dokter.<\/p>\n

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Sering kali, kita menemukan di seseorang yang mengalami keadaan mudah memar atau lebam, luka yang terus mengeluarkan darah dan terdapat bintik merah […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":4142,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4147","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health-articles"],"yoast_head":"\nITP Bahayakah?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/k-link.co.id\/id\/itp-bahayakah\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"en-us\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ITP Bahayakah?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" 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